3 SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES CONTINUED
3.5 Property, plant and equipment
Items of property, plant and equipment that do not
form part of the exploration and evaluation assets are
carried as cost less accumulated depreciation and are
depreciated on a straight-line basis over the following
expected useful economic lives:
Land and buildings Land is not depreciated
Motor vehicles 3 years
Fixtures and fittings 3 - 15 years
3.6 Impairment of non-financial assets
At each reporting date, the Directors assess whether
there is any indication that a Groupās asset, other
than deferred tax assets, may be impaired. Where an
indicator of impairment exists, the Directors make an
estimate of the recoverable amount. An impairment loss
is recognised in profit and loss whenever the carrying
amount of the asset or cash generating unit exceeds its
recoverable amount.
Recoverable amount is the higher of fair value less costs
to sell and āvalue-in-useā. In assessing āvalue-in-useā,
the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their
present value using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects
current market assessments of the time-value of money
and the risks specific to the asset for which the estimates
of future cash flows have not been adjusted.
If the recoverable amount of an asset (or cash-generating
unit) is estimated to be less than its carrying amount, the
carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit) is
reduced to its recoverable amount. An impairment loss
is recognised immediately in the profit and loss, unless
the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in
which case the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation
decrease.
Where an impairment loss subsequently reverses, the
carrying amount of the asset (or cash-generating unit)
is increased to the revised estimate of its recoverable
amount, but so that the increased carrying amount does
not exceed the carrying amount that would have been
determined had no impairment loss been recognised
for the asset (or cash-generating unit) in prior years. A
reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately
in the profit and loss, unless the relevant asset is carried
at a revalued amount greater than cost, in which case the
reversal of the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation
increase.
3.7 Segment reporting
Operating segments are reported in a manner consistent
with the internal reporting provided to the chief
operating decision-maker. The chief operating decision-
maker, who is responsible for allocating resources and
assessing performance of the operating segments, has
been identified as the Board of Directors.
3.8 Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents include cash in hand,
deposits held at call with banks, other short-term liquid
investments with original maturities of three months or
less and bank overdrafts. Bank overdrafts are shown
within borrowings in current liabilities.
3.9 Financial assets
Financial assets are recognised in the Statement of
Financial Position when the Group becomes party to the
contractual provisions of the instrument.
Financial assets are classified into specified categories.
The classification depends on the Groupās business model
for managing the financial assets and the contractual
terms of the cash flows. Financial assets are initially
measured at fair value plus transaction costs.
Loans and receivables
Trade receivables are recognised initially at the amount
of consideration that is unconditional, unless they contain
significant financing components, in which case they are
recognised at fair value. They are subsequently measured
at amortised cost using the effective interest method less
loss allowance.
Loans and other receivables that have fixed or
determinable payments and are held for collection of
contractual cash flows, where those cash flows represent
solely payments of principal and interest, are measured
at amortised cost using the effective interest method less
any impairment.
Interest is recognised by applying the effective
interest rate, except for short-term receivables when
the recognition of interest would be immaterial. The
effective interest method is a method of calculating the
amortised cost of a debt instrument and of allocating the
interest income over the relevant period. The effective
interest rate is the rate that exactly discounts estimated
future cash receipts through the expected life of the
debt instrument to the net carrying amount on initial
recognition.
Impairment of financial assets
The Group assesses on a forward-looking basis the
expected credit loss associated with its receivables
carried at amortised cost. The impairment methodology
applied depends on whether there has been a significant
increase in credit risk. For trade receivables, the Group
applies the simplified approach permitted by IFRS 9,
resulting in trade receivables recognised and carried
at original invoice amount less an allowance for any
uncollectible amounts based on expected credit losses.
The Group recognises a loss allowance for expected
credit losses on investments in debt instruments that are
measured at amortised cost. The amount of expected
credit losses is updated at each reporting date to reflect
changes in credit risk since initial recognition of the
respective financial instrument.
Derecognition of financial assets
Financial assets are derecognised only when the
contractual rights to the cash flows from the asset expire,
or when it transfers the financial asset and substantially all
the risks and rewards of ownership to another entity.